Marketing

In order to successfully grow your business, you’ll need to attract and then work to retain a large base of satisfied customers. Business owners should carefully plan their marketing strategies and performance to keep their market presence strong.  Marketing emphasizes the value of the customer to the business and has two guiding principles:

1. All company policies and activities should be directed toward satisfying customer needs.
2. Profitable sales volume is more important than maximum sales volume.

To best use these principles, a small business should:

• determine the needs of their customers through market research,
• analyze their competitive advantages to develop a market strategy,
• select specific markets to serve by target marketing, and
• determine how to satisfy customer needs by identifying a market mix.

Conducting Market Research

Successful marketing requires timely and relevant market information. An inexpensive research program, based on questionnaires given to current or prospective customers, can often uncover dissatisfaction or possible new products or services.

Market research will also identify trends that affect sales and profitability. Population shifts, legal developments, and the local economic situation should be monitored to quickly identify problems and opportunities. It is also important to keep up with competitors’ market strategies.

Creating a Marketing Strategy

A marketing strategy identifies customer groups which a particular business can better serve than its target competitors, and tailors product offerings, prices, distribution, promotional efforts and services toward those segments. Ideally, the strategy should address unmet customer needs that offer adequate potential profitability. A good strategy helps a business focus on the target markets it can serve best.

Target Marketing

Most small businesses have limited resources to devote to marketing; however, you can still see excellent returns while sticking to your budget if you focus on target marketing. By concentrating your efforts on one or a few key market segments, you’ll reap the most from small investments. There are two methods used to segment a market:

1. Geographical segmentation: Specializing in serving the needs of customers in a particular geographical area.
2. Customer segmentation: Identifying those people most likely to buy the product or service and targeting those groups.

Managing the Market Mix

Every marketing program contains four key components:

1. Products and Services: Product strategies include concentrating on a narrow product line, developing a highly specialized product or service or providing a product-service package containing unusually high-quality service.
2. Promotion: Promotion strategies focus on advertising and direct customer interaction. Good salesmanship is essential for small businesses because of their limited advertising budgets. Online marketing is a cheap, quick, and easy way to ensure that your business and product receive high visibility.
3. Price: When it comes to maximizing total revenue, the right price is crucial. Generally, higher prices mean lower volume and vice-versa; however, small businesses can often command higher prices because of their personalized service.
4. Distribution: The manufacturer and wholesaler must decide how to distribute their products. Working through established distributors or manufacturers’ agents is generally easiest for small manufacturers. Small retailers should consider cost and traffic flow in site selection, especially since advertising and rent can be reciprocal: a low-cost, low-traffic location means spending more on advertising to build traffic.

The nature of the product or service is also important in decisions. If purchases are based largely on impulse, then high-traffic and visibility are critical. On the other hand, location is less of a concern for products or services that customers are willing to go out of their way to find. The internet makes it easy for people to obtain goods from anywhere in the world, so if you’re worried about reaching a certain market, selling your product online may do wonders for your business. Click here for a Marketing Mix Checklist.

Advertising Tests

There are no silver bullets to marketing or guarantees that a particular advertising choice will pay off, and there are an endless amount of strategies to choose from. The best a business can do is run smart marketing experiments. Here is how:

1. Start with a budget. Decide how much you have to spend (time and money) on advertising.
2. Figure our where your audience is. Do they read the paper? Are they on the internet a lot? Do they go to Chamber meetings?
3. Choose how you are going to spend your advertising time and money for the next six months.
4. Invest in a good designer. If your message/website/business cards are hard to read, unattractive, and amateur, people will have that impression about your business.
5. Take to time to test your ideas. Running one ad one time in the local paper is not a good test. Running the same ad regularly over six months is better.
6. Evaluate your results. Did people bring in the coupons you published? Did anyone click on your Facebook ad? Did someone you met at Chamber come in or refer someone?

Then repeat.